Evolutionary units delimitation and continental multilocus phylogeny of the hyperdiverse catfish genus Hypostomus

[lfinley58]

Evolutionary units delimitation and continental multilocus phylogeny of the hyperdiverse catfish genus Hypostomus. 2019. Luiz Jardim de Queiroza, Yamila Cardoso, Cécile Jacot-des-Combes, Ilham Anne Bahechar, Carlos Alberto Lucena, Lucia Rapp Py-Daniel, Luisa Maria Sarmento Soares, Stephan Nylinder, Claudio Oliveira, Thiago Estevam Parente, Gislene Torrente-Vilara, Raphaël Covain, Paulo Buckup, Juan I. Montoya-Burgos. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Available online 16 December 2019.In Press, Journal Pre-proof.

Highlights
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We inferred a comprehensive phylogeny of the species-rich and widespread catfish genus Hypostomus.
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Morphology together with multispecies coalescent analyses unraveled 108 species and 118 clusters.
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We present the Cluster Credibility index that allows testing alternative cluster delimitations.
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To delimit species, the COI pairwise divergence threshold of 2% is not applicable in Hypostomus.
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Our phylogeny reveals four Hypostomus super-groups for which we give diagnostic characters.

Abstract
With 149 currently recognized species, Hypostomus is one of the most species-rich catfish genera in the world, widely distributed over most of the Neotropical region. To clarify the evolutionary history of this genus, we reconstructed a comprehensive phylogeny of Hypostomus based on four nuclear and two mitochondrial markers. A total of 206 specimens collected from the main Neotropical rivers were included in the present study. Combining morphology and a Bayesian multispecies coalescent (MSC) approach, we recovered 85 previously recognized species plus 23 putative new species, organized into 118 ‘clusters’. We presented the Cluster Credibility (CC) index that provides numerical support for every hypothesis of cluster delimitation, facilitating delimitation decisions. We then examined the correspondence between the morphologically identified species and their inter-specific COI barcode pairwise divergence. The mean COI barcode divergence between morphological sisters species was 1.3 ± 1.2%, and only in 11% of the comparisons the divergence was ≥ 2%. This indicates that the COI barcode threshold of 2% classically used to delimit fish species would seriously underestimate the number of species in Hypostomus, advocating for a taxon-specific COI-based inter-specific divergence threshold to be used only when approximations of species richness are needed. The phylogeny of the 108 Hypostomus species, together with 35 additional outgroup species, confirms the monophyly of the genus. Four well-supported main lineages were retrieved, hereinafter called super-groups: Hypostomus cochliodon, H. hemiurus, H. auroguttatus, and H. plecostomus super-groups. We present a compilation of diagnostic characters for each super-group. Our phylogeny lays the foundation for future studies on biogeography and on macroevolution to better understand the successful radiation of this Neotropical fish genus.


https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a ... via%3Dihub

[bekateen]

Graphical abstract

[lfinley58]

Hi Eric and all.

Eric - Thanks for popping in the graphic...Adds a little color (and boxed info).

Lee

[Jools]

And we don't even have a picture of H. hemiurus in the catelog! This looks like a great initial step, will read it at the weekend.

Cheers,

Jools

[bekateen]

And we don't even have a picture of H. hemiurus in the catelog!

Ask, and ye shall receive.

Hypostomus hemiurus

[Jools]

Wow, that's like ESP (P=Pleco)! I think something and it happens.

Thanks Eric, interesting to see this one too.

Cheers,

Jools

[bekateen]

Citation update:
de Queiroza, L. J., Cardoso, Y., Jacot-des-Combes, C., Bahechar, I. A., Lucena, C. A., Py-Daniel, L. R., Soares, L. M. S., Nylinder, S., Oliveira, C., Parente, T. E., Torrente-Vilara, G., Covain, R., Buckup, P., & J. I. Montoya-Burgos. (2020). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 145, April 2020, 106711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106711

[bekateen]

Table 1. Compilation of relevant diagnostic characters for the super-groups of Hypostomus retrieved in the present work. The characters are not always exclusive to each group.