As Jools said, the pattern is not biogeographic, and certainly an artefact of the species richness and how much taxonomic work has been done on the group in each area. You certainly do get them in the central Amazon (although not super abundant and they seem to prefer the upland streams), but they'r...

Also, tropica says pistia is a good indicator plant, so I kinda want to get it. I like the hairy roots look, and the roots aren't as long, and the plant isn't as big. I never had much success with Pistia . They often come as very large outdoor-grown plants and therefore need as much as 6 inches of ...

Looks like an to me.

Carbon dioxide addition adds a whole raft of potential problems (and benefits) and it isn't a route I would advise until you are happy growing plants and keeping fish in low tech. environment. Yes, I would certainly also advise against C02 injection. Way more trouble than it's worth if you are not ...

Phylogenetics and population genetics of (Siluriformes: Plotosidae) from Malaysian coastal waters.

https://peerj.com/articles/1930/

In my opinion/experience, you don't need to remineralise the water at all. It's simply not needed. You'll only need to go down the route of adding all those specific fertilisers if you are going for an high-input light and C02 injected tank. In a low-tech tank the plants will be limited by carbon be...

If you're using distilled water you won't need CO2 injection, as all carbonates entering the water will be in the form of CO2. Plants will grow like crazy. All you'll need to do is add a few drops of a general fertiliser every few days to keep them happy. As long as you change the water regularly an...

Not many aquarium exports come out of the Lake Valencia area. It's quite likely that the "nudirostre" in the clog that look like your fish are misidentified. The Casa Maria ones are probably the real thing.

Stupid Elsevier. They really are an embarrassment. DOIs should always resolve when a paper is online.

Here's another link: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ar ... 0316300525.

Schmidt et al. (2016). High levels of endemism in suckermouth catfishes (Mochokidae: ) from the Upper Guinean forests of West Africa. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.04.018.

You'll need to be careful as to what you consider blackwater species. Several of the fishes mentioned already such as danios, rams, Erethistes , Tatia musaica (at least the more attractive commonly available ones pictured in the clog), etc are not blackwater fishes, and some are even whitewater. In ...

I should add ... I said that no such project exists, but I should have said that no such project exists that I know about. There could be something in the pipeline.

Mechanosensation in an adipose fin. Abstract Adipose fins are found on approximately 20% of ray-finned fish species. The apparently rudimentary anatomy of adipose fins inspired a longstanding hypothesis that these fins are vestigial and lack function. However, adipose fins have evolved repeatedly wi...

The thing with the Xingu, is that there was a big NSF (national science foundation of the USA) grant to study the river, so the PlanetCatfish thing piggybacked nicely on top of that. No such program exists for the Tapajós, but I work on Tapajós loricariids, so you could always pay me to finish my pa...

I knew it had an L number. Didn't think to look in Ancistomus ...

??

I'm quite sure it's possible, but what's the problem? If they do hybridise, you just need to make sure that the offspring don't get passed on to other hobbyists. That is all. If you can't bear to cull the fry, or you don't have the tank space to look after the offspring for their entire lives, then ...

Pseudopimelodide
 Pacamã / Lophiosilurus alexandri Steindachner, 1877

That's scarily similar to the English common name "Pacman catfish". If it's not just a weird coincidence, I wonder which is derived from the other?

Yes, Utricularia. A fascinating plant! Read the Wikipedia article.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utricularia

The balls are the traps.

How old is the RO unit? I had the same problem with high pH from a new unit, and discovered it was the because the membrane was new and the preservative it had been kept in was increasing the pH. It dropped over time with use (some weeks I think).

Fantastic fish and photos! The headshot of the Acrochordonichthys is great.

I like the spiny eel particularly. Any idea of the species?

I used exactly the same vine wood (also from MA), and the loved it. They pretty much ate all of it.

You don't need to remove the bark. They will work their way through it.

There certainly may not be a "typical" oto habitat, as there are several species in the trade that come from different places, but having said that, otos are generally found attached to marginal vegetation (dead and alive, aquatic and terrestrial) in both rivers and lakes. They readily bre...

One of the EMTs, Marcelo Araujo Tamada, posted photos of the catfish spines stuck in the woman's belly on Facebook.

LOL

Woman: "get that goddamn thing out of me!!!"

Paramedic: "Woah there, steady on lady, we gotta do important paramedicy stuff first [gets phone out ...]"

Jools wrote:It does look like could use GBIF data or maps somehow.

If you did, would you want to query their database on-the-fly using their API, or just download and clean up their data and then query it directly from the PC servers?

http://www.gbif.org/developer/summary

I can see one shortcoming with this idea: That is, currently the PC database is set up so that people can identify a locality and then use it to “find other species” from the same area. ... conceptually it is a beneficial feature to be able to identify other species which happen to come from the sa...

I think I mentioned this before, but I think the best approach is to use museum specimen data from GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility). Sure, it's not perfect, but it goes some way to solving a lot of the problems of the ambiguity in assigning a single dot to the distribution of an entir...

Fantastic! Got a better pic of the spiny eel?

Without a doubt this is a .

pleco171182 ,what makes you think it is a ?

Raccoll??? Did you put up that pic by mistake

No, click on the link. The link is to a genus, not a species, so the one shown (L. triactis) is just an automatically generated example.

If it is a Leporacanthicus, it will be in the L. galaxias group.