https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs ... /jfb.14209
Full download here: https://sci-hub.tw/https://onlinelibrar ... /jfb.14209
Take home results:Abstract
was described from the Río Piracicaba, a tributary of the Río Tietê, upper Río Paraná basin. Nevertheless, specimens attributed to this species are commonly found throughout other river systems in the upper Río Paraná basin and present varying degrees of morphological variation. A taxonomic review of H. albopunctatus based on large series of specimens from many localities throughout the upper Río Paraná basin was carried out. Results support H. lexi, H. niger and H. scaphyceps as junior synonyms. Hypostomus albopunctatus differs from all congeners except H. heraldoi by having pectoral‐fin spine equal to or shorter than pelvic‐fin spine (v. longer); it differs from H. heraldoi by having white or light yellow spots on the body and fins (v. dark brown or black spots). Despite conspicuous variation related to the shape and size of the spots and snout morphology, both spot and snout patterns overlapped among the examined populations, thus this variation was inferred to be intraspecific within a widely distributed H. albopunctatus.
, and are now junior synonyms of .